When I live in a poor area I can not get out of poverty, but IQ, health condition, academic ability is adversely affected

ByManhhai

Globally the gap between rich and poor is expanding,The assets of the top 62 people and the bottom 3 6 billion people are the same amountThe more it becomes, the wider the gap is. The gap between rich and poor in Japan is also expanding,Economic disparity between rural and urban areasThing is amazing. In addition, the gap between rich and poor is not only the economic aspectsIt also affects the difference in lifetimeAlthough it is made clear that it is clear, how much life will be serious when born in a poor area can be determined by the Internet news siteVoxIt explains.

Living in a poor neighborhood changes everything about your life - Vox
http://www.vox.com/2016/6/6/11852640/cartoon-poor-neighborhoods


In 1940, Caucasian residential developers were planning to build a residential area near Detroit. Residential developers seem to have asked the Federal Housing Authority (FHA) for a loan to build a residential area, but he said he refused the loan, saying, "It is close to the area where black people live," he said.


It may be an amazing story in modern society, but it seems that there were many such discrimination at that time. FHA itself sometimes refuses mortgage lending to black people, and surprisingly, even people living near the area where the black people live refused to finance. The reason FHA refuses the loan is said to be "because it is too dangerous."

A year later, residential developers will again offer proposals to FHA. The new proposal is to build a 6 foot (about 1.8 meters) wall between the black residential area and FHA who received this proposal decided to finance housing developers.


These types of racist housing policies, which took place about 75 years ago, promoted the gap between rich and poor in the United States. It can also be said that the situation where the black family systematically has to live in the designated area has been created.


It is often said that wealthy people increase their wealth and that the poor are getting poorer. Certainly this is also a big problem, but we should turn our attention to the gap between rich and poor that is happening sooner than that, Vox.

In the current USA there are super high-class residential areas and very poor residential areas, which is one of the examples that clearly shows the gap between rich and poor in American society. Also, 40% of the people living in the extreme poverty district of the United StatesPoverty lineIt is said that only income less than that is obtained. Why is the poor in the extremely poverty area because the poor poverty zone has a high crime rate and unemployment rate, has regional medical problems, etc. It is because it is indirectly influenced by these.

The following graph shows the trend of the number of extremely poverty areas. As the number of extremely poverty districts increases, it is apparent that households below the poverty line are exploding.


Living in a poverty district is not only inconvenience, it is also a major factor involved in own lives and the life of children. In one study, living in extremely poor areas is analogous to "breathing in polluted air". The more you are exposed to polluted air, the more human beings are damaged. Also, living in extremely poor areas has a negative impact on children and adults' brains.

It took place from 1955 to 1970African-American civil rights movementThe graph showing the difference of rich and poor by child's residence district born at the time of the following is the following. According to a study by sociologist at New York University (NYU), according to a research by Mr. Patrick Sharky, one in three people will grow in a very poor area in the case of blacks, in the case of white people only 1% live in that area I heard he did not.


The following graph shows the difference between rich and poor by residence district between 1985 and 2000. The number of children brought up in poor areas is increasing in both black and white people, but surprisingly, it seems that many of the blacks raised in poor areas have lived in poor areas even though they are adults, There is almost no mobility of black families at the time ".


The illustration below shows the probability that children born to 20% of poor from the bottom between 1955 and 1970 will become richer than their parents. In the case of black people, only 25% of them do not live more abundantly than parents, while 59% of whites are beginning to live a richer life than their parents.


Also, in the 1990s, a big debate came about whether growing up in poor areas would affect future economic conditions and health conditions. Therefore, the federal government invests a large amount of funds in an experiment called "Moving to Opportunity" and randomly extracts 4600 households in the poor area to follow up.

Randomly selected 4,600 households are divided into 3 groups, one of the groups migrating to wealthy areas and the other is OK in any area, the third group lives in public housing as it is It was specified as. As a result of the experiment, the health condition of the group who first migrated to wealthy areas improved, but it seems that it did not mean that we could earn more money.

However, as a researcher at Harvard University investigated the change in earnings of people who moved to wealthy areas for a longer term, it became clear that they earned more income than they had in the poor areas It was.

The following figure compares the average income of the three groups, the black group living in the poor area was $ 12,707 (about 1.2 million yen), the group that was okay to live in a free residential area is 10,000 It was 2994 dollars (about 1.4 million yen), and the group who moved to wealthy area was $ 14,747 (about 1.6 million yen).


Furthermore, it is also clear that living in poor areas will affect the brain. Research from one researcher shows that there is a possibility that physiologically the brain may change when brought up in a miserable and traumatic environment. According to Mr. Sharky, a sociologist at NYU, this phenomenon affects children's IQ.

Indeed, it has turned out that there is a big gap in the IQ of children depending on the area in which mothers and children grew. When mothers raised in poor areas brought up children in poor areas, the average IQ of children was 96 (IQ 100 average), whereas mothers raised in middle-class families raised children in middle-aged families In the case, the child average IQ seems to be 104. It is also clear that the average IQ decreases by 7 to 8 points in 6 to 10 blocks of the area where the incident occurred when a murder case occurs in the area where the child lives.


In addition, survey results that people living in poor areas do not feel joy or hope over people living in other areas are also published.

The graph below shows that people are strongly happy as they become blue, and they do not feel happier the more they become purple. There are two graphs each for black and white, but the graph on the left shows people who lived in poor areas feel happy, and the graph on the right shows whether people living in wealthy areas feel happy . If you compare the graph on the right with the graph on the left, it is clear that people living in poor areas are harder to feel happier regardless of race.


In addition, the graph below shows BMI values ​​of people living in poor areas on the left and BMI values ​​of people living in wealthy areas on the right. Looking at this, you can see that overweight and obesity tend to occur in poorer areas than wealthy areas.


The graph below shows the difference in mathematical scores between cases of going to wealthy schools and when going to poor schools. The vertical axis shows the number of points and the horizontal axis shows the period of enrollment, and as you go to school for a long time, the opening of the score will become bigger.


Even reading and writing "reading" will make it possible to score better as we go to wealthy schools.