Why is the Bluetooth connection unstable?

When using Bluetooth connected devices such as earphones, keyboards, mice, etc., you often run into problems such as not being able to connect in the first place or the connection being intermittent. There is a heated debate on the social news site Hacker News regarding this question, ``Why is the Bluetooth connection unstable?''

Ask HN: Why is Bluetooth still so unreliable? | Hacker News
https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=39028440

The discussion started with a question posed by Hacker News user t8sr, ``Why is Bluetooth connection less reliable than other wireless standards such as Wi-Fi?'' t8sr claims that ``Bluetooth connections are unreliable regardless of the hardware, OS, system, or purpose.'' Specific examples include: ``Connection is unstable even between devices from the same manufacturer'' ``When listening to music with Bluetooth-connected headphones or earphones, the music may cut out just by moving your body'' ``Bluetooth connection on Windows machines He gives examples such as 'It doesn't work.'

Mr. t8sr's question has received many answers. The most popular answer is from zh3, who said, ``Bluetooth communicates using the same 2.4GHz band as Wi-Fi.The output of Wi-Fi is 100mW, whereas the output of many Bluetooth devices is 1mW. .For this reason, Bluetooth communication is susceptible to interference with Wi-Fi communication.'' Bluetooth is divided into three classes depending on radio field strength, Class 1 can output up to 100mW, Class 2 can output up to 2.5mW, and Class 3 can output up to 1mW. On the other hand, 2.4GHz Wi-Fi outputs at 100mW, so zh3 claims that Class 2 and Class 3 Bluetooth devices are hidden behind Wi-Fi communication.

On the other hand, lxgr responded to zh3's opinion, saying, ``Bluetooth continues to transmit data without considering other communications, but Wi-Fi may interrupt communication depending on the channel exclusive status.'' He points out that just because Bluetooth uses the same frequency band as Wi-Fi, it does not mean that it will always receive interference from Wi-Fi. In addition, lxgr says, ``AirPods is a Class 1 Bluetooth device and can communicate at a maximum of 100mW,'' and claims that depending on the device, it is possible to communicate at a strength comparable to Wi-Fi.

In addition, the page states, ``Depending on the device, Bluetooth audio plays music immediately upon successful connection,'' while others do not play music unless the play button is pressed even after successful connection, which is confusing.'' We have also received reports such as ``When you connect your laptop to Bose headphones, a voice message saying ``Connected to your laptop'' plays once every 30 seconds.'' It has become clear that many people are dissatisfied with Bluetooth connectivity.

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