Mar 04, 2021 20:00:00

Research results that confirmed 'Hawking radiation' in a pseudo black hole

An Israeli research team has announced that

Dr. Stephen Hawking, who was called a 'wheelchair physicist,' confirmed the 'Hawking radiation ' predicted in 1974 in a pseudo-black hole.

Lab-grown black hole analog behaves just like Stephen Hawking said it would | Live Science
https://www.livescience.com/black-hole-analog-confirms-hawking.html

Dr. Hawking said in 1974, 'Black holes are named black in the sense of'no radiation', but when the quantum effect is taken into account, they should actually be doing thermal radiation, and that radiation is in time. It doesn't matter, it's constant. '

According to the uncertainty principle in quantum mechanics, a vacuum is not a space that is truly empty, but a space in which virtual particles repeat pair production and pair annihilation. Dr. Hawking thought that virtual particles would be pair-produced near the 'event horizon ' where even the light inherent in the black hole would be captured, and only one of them would cross the event horizon. Consideration about the case that has been done. Dr. Hawking explained that virtual particles have negative energy, 'It is synonymous with having negative energy if a black hole captures a virtual particle, and the virtual particle on the side that was not captured. Particles annihilate with other virtual particles and have positive energy, which means that black holes get negative energy and at the same time emit particles with positive energy. ' This prediction later came to be called 'Hawking radiation' in the name of the doctor, and pioneered a new academic field called quantum cosmology.

A new study by Associate Professor Jeff Steinhower of Technion-Israel Institute of Technology confirmed the 'steadiness' that radiation from pseudo-black holes generated in the laboratory is invariant with time. Associate Professor Steinhower has been conducting research on confirming Hawking radiation by pseudo-black holes since 2009, and in 2016

published a treatise stating that 'Hawking radiation was confirmed.'

The 'pseudo-black hole' used by Associate Professor Steinhower in a series of experiments is called a '(PDF file) acoustic black hole' that uses sound instead of light. A black hole is a celestial body that cannot escape even light, but an acoustic black hole is an experiment that focuses on sounds that are similar in nature to light as waves and creates a 'space where sound cannot escape' to clarify the properties of black holes. It's a technique.

Associate Professor Steinhower and his colleagues cooled the gas containing about 8,000 rubidium atoms to near absolute zero and irradiated it with a laser to fix the position of the atoms. In this way, we created a state in which individual particles behave as huge waves, called Bose-Einstein condensation.

Bose-Einstein condensed rubidium has the characteristic that the speed of sound drops to 0.5 mm / s or less. Associate Professor Steinhower and his colleagues created a situation in which 'only half of the gas flows below the speed of sound and the other half flows above the speed of sound' by irradiating the gas whose sound velocity has been reduced to the limit with a laser. The sound wave generated in the flow above the speed of sound never reaches the flow below the speed of sound, assuming that the phenomenon corresponds to the pseudo 'event horizon ', and simulates the 'phonon' which is the quantum of sound. As a photon, we observed the behavior of photons near the pseudo 'event horizon'.

In this experiment, Associate Professor Steinhower and colleagues regarded a pair of photons faster and slower than the speed of sound as a pair of virtual particles, and whether there is a correlation between the behavior of the pair of photons and the Hawking radiation over time. I verified whether it was constant. Pictures were used for this verification, but because the minute heat generated during photography interfered with the series of processes, Associate Professor Steinhower and his colleagues repeated 97,000 experiments over 124 days, and Dr. Hawking finally predicted. As you can see, he confirmed that the Hawking radiation is invariant over time.

Associate Professor Steinhower said, 'Black holes should always behave like black bodies that emit constant infrared rays. In this experiment, black holes constantly emit some kind of radiation like ordinary stars. It suggests that. '