Data showing changes in suicide rates around the world and differences in suicide rates by gender are now available
In Japan, tens of thousands of people die each year from suicide, and (PDF file)
Suicide --Our World in Data
https://ourworldindata.org/suicide
◆ 1: Number of suicides per year
Nearly 800,000 people die from suicide every year in the world, and in terms of time, one person commits suicide every 40 seconds. In addition, it is thought that more people are committing suicide, including the intention of the bereaved family to 'hide their relatives' suicide' and the cases treated as accidents.
The table below summarizes the annual number of deaths by cause. By clicking the arrow button at the bottom, you can see the number of deaths from 1990 to 2017 by cause, and you can also see the data of a specific country from 'Change country' at the bottom left. You can see that 'Suicide' is consistently located near the center of the table. Globally, the number of deaths from suicide is about twice as high as the number of deaths from homicide, and in most countries it is 10 to 20 times higher than the number of deaths from homicide.
◆ 2: Percentage of suicides among causes of death
Of the total number of deaths in 2017, 1.4% was caused by suicide, and the ratio of suicide to the total number of deaths varies from country to country. The table below shows the 'percentage of suicides in the number of deaths' by country, showing that the darker the country, the higher the percentage of deaths from suicide. As of 2017, South Korea (5%), Qatar (3.9%) and Sri Lanka (3.6%) have the highest percentage of deaths due to suicide. On the other hand, it can be seen that there is a 10-fold difference depending on the country, such as only 0.43% in Greece and 0.5% in Indonesia.
◆ 3: Suicide rate per 100,000 people
When comparing the ratio of suicide to the number of deaths, there is also a method of comparing by 'suicide rate per 100,000 people' because the number of causes of death other than suicide affects the result. Globally, 10 out of 100,000 people died of suicide in 2017. More than 20 people commit suicide per 100,000 in Eastern Europe, South Korea, Zimbabwe, Guyana and Suriname, and less than 5 per 100,000 in North Africa, the Middle East, Indonesia, Peru and some Mediterranean countries. increase.
◆ 4: Change in suicide rate
The suicide rate by country is not always constant and has changed significantly over the last 30 years from 1990 to 2017. In the table below, the vertical axis shows 'the number of suicides per 100,000 people in 1990' and the horizontal axis shows 'the number of suicides per 100,000 people in 2017', from the gray line that diagonally crosses the whole. The countries above are 'countries where the suicide rate decreased from 1990 to 2017', and the countries below the line are 'countries where the suicide rate increased from 1990 to 2017'. Looking at this, it can be seen that the suicide rate has decreased in the majority of countries, but the suicide rate has increased significantly in South Korea, Zimbabwe, Lesotho, and so on. In addition, Japan was located at the intersection of the vertical and horizontal '15' and the gray line.
◆ 5: Suicide rate by age
Suicide is one of the leading causes of death in young people, but this does not necessarily mean that young people are more likely to commit suicide than older people, and in fact 'elderly people have cardiovascular disease and cancer.' It reflects the fact that more people die than young people due to various causes of death.
The table below shows the suicide rates per 100,000 people by age from 1990 to 2017. Although there is some increase or decrease, the highest suicide rate is always in the elderly over 70 years old, and it can be seen that the suicide rate tends to increase as the age increases.
◆ 6: Suicide rate by gender
Looking at the suicide rate by gender, the suicide rate for men is more than double that for women worldwide. Looking at the graph below, we can see that from 1990 to 2017, the suicide rate of men was always much higher than that of women. As of 2017, the suicide rate for women was about 6.3 per 100,000, but the suicide rate for men has more than doubled to 13.9.
In the table below, the vertical axis represents the male suicide rate and the horizontal axis represents the female suicide rate, and the suicide rates by gender are represented by country. Above the gray dotted line that crosses diagonally, it indicates that 'male suicide rate is higher than female suicide rate', and below the dotted line, the opposite is true. Almost all countries are located on or above the gray dotted line, indicating that in most countries the suicide rate for men is higher than the suicide rate for women.
This is a color chart showing the difference in suicide rates between men and women. It is color-coded based on 'the number of male suicide rates divided by female suicide rates', and the darker the blue color, the greater the difference in suicide rates between men and women. In Eastern Europe, the difference in suicide rates between men and women is particularly large, and it is said that men are 6 to 7 times more likely to commit suicide than women. In Asia, the difference in suicide rates between men and women is small, and in Bangladesh and Morocco, women's suicide rates are slightly higher than men's.
◆ 7: How to commit suicide
Suicide by firearms is the mainstream in the world, and it is said that the number of suicides by firearms accounts for 8% of all suicides. The figure below shows that the closer the color is to red, the higher the 'suicide rate using firearms per 100,000 people', and it can be seen that the suicide rate using firearms in the United States is outstandingly high. In the United States, suicides account for 60% of the deaths from firearms, which exceeds the number of people killed by firearms. In addition, it can be seen that the suicide rate using firearms is high in South America, Africa, Europe, etc., and it seems that suicide by firearms is not common in Asia and the Middle East.
It is said that suicides due to pesticide poisoning are especially common in low- and middle-income countries, and in 2014, 110,000 people, or 13.7% of all suicides, committed suicide due to pesticide poisoning. Pesticide poisoning is common in the Pacific coast of Asia and South America, but it is a suicide method that is not so common in high-income countries such as Europe and North America.
◆ 8: Risk factors for suicide
Mental health, such as depression and schizophrenia, is said to be the most important risk factor for suicide, and a 2002 study reported that '98% of people who died from suicide had some form of mental health problem.' It has been. The pie chart below shows 'Mental health problems of suicides who were hospitalized in psychiatry' on the left and 'Mental health problems of suicides who were not hospitalized in psychiatry' on the right. Represents. It turns out that most suicides have problems such as depression and other mood disorders, substance-related disorders , schizophrenia, and personality disorders. increase.
Many studies have reported that there is a correlation between recession and suicide rate. The graph below shows the changes in the suicide rate before and after
The relationship between firearm ownership and suicide rates is also being investigated. In the United States, where 46% of all suicides are due to firearms, the table below shows the increase in firearms penetration and suicide rates by state. The vertical axis shows the 'suicide rate by firearms' and the horizontal axis shows the 'percentage of households with firearms', and it can be seen that the number of suicides using firearms increases as the ownership of firearms increases.
Many studies have shown that the suicide rate increases or decreases depending on the season, and it is said that the suicide rate tends to be high during the long hours of sunshine from spring to summer. The graph below shows the number of suicides per month in Greenland, and it can be seen that the number of suicides increases from spring to summer.
As a surprising example, it has also been shown that the amendment of the Divorce Law will reduce women's suicide rates. In the graph below, the vertical axis shows the 'suicide rate' of women, and the horizontal axis shows the number of years before and after the introduction of the 'law that allows divorce to be established with the consent of one rather than the consent of both parties'. The law was introduced at the time of '0' on the horizontal axis, and it can be seen that the suicide rate of women has decreased especially in the age group of 25 to 64 years after the introduction.
Our World in Data also reports that media coverage of suicide increases suicide rates and that there is a correlation between per capita alcohol consumption and suicide rates. increase.
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in Note, Posted by log1h_ik