How does the brain recognize "time" and "timing"?

bybzztbomb

Human beings always count time even if not conscious, so it is possible to recognize "awkward silence" and "snack time". However, how the brain recognizes time is still in a state where the point which is not clarified yet remains. On the other hand, based on previous studies of brain scan, it is becoming clear that multiple gray matter of the brain is responsible for individual tasks related to time and timing.

How your brain tells time | Popular Science
http://www.popsci.com/how-your-brain-tells-time

Timing and time are involved in every action in daily life, from the act of striking a drum to music to recognizing how long a lecture is behind. What is responsible for recognition of such time is the following part of the brain. Each field is good at different things, and people can recognize time by working together.

◆ Timer function
Out of the brainSupplementary motor area(SMA) is a part that functions as a timer when the brain picks up stimuli from the outside world. In the past research, SMA was confirmed that the subject who was told "Please press the button at any time" was activated 5 seconds before pushing the button actually, and controls the ordering behavior of humans It is thought. The longer the stimulation from the outside world lasts, the more active the activity of nerve cells within the SMA. And as long as the external stimulus continues, the brain nerve cells continue to ignite and will continue to hold information to send to other parts of the brain.

Memory center

byHeather Zabriskie

In order to measure the length of time the baby is crying, you need to remember that "When did the baby start to cry?" It is the part at the lower right of the frontal lobe that performs short-term memory such as "the beginning of baby crying and end of crying", and when this part gone, the memory saying "start to cry" disappears a few seconds after the baby started to cry It will be impossible to grasp the time because it will be.

◆ Sequence recognition
In order for humans to move productively, it is essential to recognize the order of consecutive acts. I remember the step of dance, because I wake up in the morning and wear clothes, because it is made of a series of movements. Previous MRI studies have shown that the hippocampus is activated in the brain when humans classify sequential motions.

◆ Beat keeper
It is the cerebellum that is responsible for coordinating the movement of muscles, including tasks related to timing such as "carve beat". In previous studies, the cerebellar area knows that it shows activity during the task of predicting "timing to take rhythm", and one that decides to "hold how long to the next tap" It is seen.

◆ Reward Counter

byPete Wright

If you know a person who likes chocolate "gets chocolate", he / she can "wait" until you get chocolate. This work is motivating and learningBasal gangliaWhat the field is doing is that. To the question as to which one of "current 10,000 yen and 30,000 yen after one month" is chosenTime discountThe rate will be related, but the basal ganglia will alert you about the process of time discount and judge how long you should wait.

The question of how the brain knows the time is where opinions are divided by scientists.In a study published in 2010, Not only the gray matter in the center of the brain but also the whole brain is continuously engraving time and saying that "I have to go to work" will trigger such things as existence of nerve cells in a specific pattern There is also an idea that it can ignite and recognize the passage of time and the timing by deciphering this pattern.