There are 19 companies worldwide that develop and manufacture GPUs, and 8 out of 11 companies that design GPUs for PCs and data centers are based in China.
GPUs were originally processors specialized for image processing in PCs, and in the past, gamers were the main customer base. However, in recent years, the demand for artificial intelligence (AI) and
GPU Developments 2022 V1.docx - Sample_GPU_Developments_2022_V1
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The Rise of China GPU Makers: AI and Tech Sovereignty Drive New GPU Entrants | Tom's Hardware
https://www.tomshardware.com/news/ai-and-tech-sovereignity-drive-number-of-gpu-developers-in-china
Hua Hong gives China new hope with old chip technology | Financial Times
https://www.ft.com/content/76d153a1-968b-4d3d-92b5-7827d1d1dfa0
From the 1980s to the 1990s, dozens of companies were developing GPUs and discrete GPUs , but as a result of the expansion and competition of the 3D game market, the majority of them went out of business, and as of 2010, high-performance graphics boards were released. Only AMD and NVIDIA were selling.
However, in the 2010s, companies other than AMD and NVIDIA began to develop and manufacture high-performance GPUs. According to Jon Peddie Research, as of 2022, there will be 19 companies worldwide that develop and manufacture GPUs. Among them, there are 6 GPU architecture design companies such as
In the mid-2010s, with the improvement of development technology and the demand for high-performance scientific computing in AI and computers, China began to aim to gain market leadership in AI capabilities and semiconductors. As a result, the number of GPU startups in China has increased rapidly, and now, out of 11 companies that design GPUs for PCs and data centers, 8 are based in China, excluding AMD, Intel, and NVIDIA.
China, the world's second largest economy, is in fierce development competition with the United States and other developed countries, and as a result of attracting engineers from all over the world, a large number of GPU development companies have been born in China. Jon Peddie of Jon Peddie Research said, ``The spread of AI and the high price of NVIDIA GPUs have been a major catalyst for the development of GPU companies in China.''
On the other hand, AMD and NVIDIA are the only two companies developing high-performance and competitive discrete GPUs for PCs. As a reason, Jon Peddie Research says, 'Development of GPU architecture is relatively easy, but designing and implementing appropriate drivers is a difficult task.'
In addition, a huge amount of cost is required to develop and manufacture high-performance GPUs, and the technology news site Semiconductor Engineering said, ``The design cost of a fairly complex GPU with a process node of 5 nm is 540 million. It will exceed the dollar (about 72 billion yen).'
Jon Peddie Research says, ``We won't see a competitive GPU from anything other than the American giants for some time.'' The reason is the difficulty of developing GPUs and the high cost required.
In China, Huahong Semiconductor , a semiconductor foundry based in Shanghai, continues to grow in R&D, with annual sales of 600 million in 2022, up 40% from 2021, according to Jon Peddie Research. It reached 30 million dollars (about 83.6 billion yen). In addition, an anonymous Chinese government technology adviser said, ``Hua Hong Semiconductor has the potential to become a powerful company that drives the growth of the domestic chip supply chain, where imports of AI chips are restricted.'' He argues that Huahong semiconductor could play an important role as AI chip export restrictions are tightened.
The US government orders NVIDIA and AMD to ``restrict export of AI chips to China'' - GIGAZINE
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