Why do people use 'songs' and 'speech' properly?
Both 'speech', which utters words as voice, and 'song', which utters words on music, have semantic information as words, and have something in common, such as the existence of rhythms (sections) and melody. However, people do not always sing because 'the meaning of words can be conveyed even in songs', and they use songs and speeches properly according to the scene and intention. Philip Dorrell, a blogger who writes software and science articles, advocates the reason why people use songs and speech differently because 'words in music are not perceived as natural.'
What is Music? Music Is A Superstimulus For The Perception Of Non-Spontaneous Non-Conversational Speech
What is Music? Music Is Not A Positive Superstimulus – It's A Negative Superstimulus
https://whatismusic.info/blog/MusicIsNotAPositiveSuperstimulusItsANegativeSuperstimulus.html
Dorrell argues that the reason why music and speech have similarities such as rhythm and melody is that 'music is a supernormal stimulus of speech.' Supernormal stimulus is a term that refers to a stimulus that emphasizes a specific stimulus and amplifies it to something more attractive than the real thing, and has a strong attraction that attracts animals even though it is impossible in reality.
For example, oystercatchers generally have the property of laying 3 eggs and keeping them warm, but if you keep 5 more eggs nearby than usual, they will move there and move 5 eggs. It is known to try to embrace. The oystercatcher has a habit of 'trying to hold a larger one if it has a similar color and shape', so even if you put an egg that is twice or three times larger than usual, it will try to keep it warm. .. Studies have shown that even in humans, female makeup is a type of supernormal stimulus that enhances facial appeal more than usual.
However, if music is a supernormal stimulus for speech, the problem is how to properly use a song that puts words on the music and a speech that puts the words as they are. Supernormal stimuli are basically perceived as more attractive than normal stimuli, but the case of 'replacing all speeches with songs to make your words look attractive' is unlikely and people are clear. I use songs and speeches properly. If it's a musical, it's okay to suddenly start singing in a conversation, but if you suddenly start singing in a general daily conversation, the atmosphere of the conversation will be messed up.
Dorrell's hypothesis that this problem can be solved is that music is a 'negative supernormal stimulus' that stimulates the negative aspects of speech. Dorrell says that when people listen to a speech, they process the voice in the following steps:
1: The speaker gives a speech.
2: The listener recognizes the 'meaning of speech'.
3: The listener recognizes the 'emotional significance of the speech'.
4: The listener decides 'belief about whether the speech is true'.
5: The listener responds to the speaker based on the above process.
In addition to this, Drrell states, 'The strength of the emotional response to a speech fluctuates according to the belief in whether the speech is true.' In other words, 'If you think the speech is true, you have a stronger feeling for its meaning, but if you think your speech is a lie, you have a weaker feeling for its meaning.'
Dorrell said that the criterion for listeners to judge 'whether a speech is true' is 'whether it is a'natural speech'that the speaker decides to say at that moment, based on the context of the conversation.' Pointed out. The context of the conversation is constantly changing, but the 'prepared speech' that is given regardless of the context does not become natural, and the speech is not perceived as true. If the listener perceives that the speaker's speech is not true, the reaction to the speaker will change accordingly.
Dorrell's hypothesis is that the 'negative supernormal stimulus' of music stimulates the listener's 'ability to recognize that speech is not natural.' In other words, Drrell says that in a song that utters words in music, all words are automatically recognized as 'unnatural.' In this case, the judgment itself of 'whether the speaker's words are true' based on the naturalness of the speech is abandoned, so the emotional significance does not increase or decrease.
Listeners who hear the lyrics in the music recognize their meaning and emotional significance, but do not evaluate the truth in the first place. Drrell argues that the emotions recalled by the lyrics are maintained at full strength, due to the failure to assess the truthfulness of the words. Therefore, if you want to convey that 'what you are talking about is true,' speech is more effective, and people use songs and speech properly.
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