Succeeded in counteracting 'pain' with a device embedded in the brain, opening up the possibility of independent analgesia
The research result that the research result that the experiment with the mouse was successful was developed by developing a device that 'detects the signal of pain generated in the brain and sends a signal to the brain accordingly to reduce the pain', according to the results of the Grossman School of
A prototype closed-loop brain–machine interface for the study and treatment of pain | Nature Biomedical Engineering
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41551-021-00736-7
Implantable brain device relieves pain in early study | EurekAlert! Science News
https://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2021-06/nlh-ibd061521.php
A New Brain Implant Automatically Detects and Kills Pain in Real Time
https://singularityhub.com/2021/06/29/a-new-brain-implant-automatically-detects-and-kills-pain-in-real-time/
In general, painkillers are prescribed as a way to relieve pain, but when chronic pain is treated with painkillers, it gradually becomes more resistant, and the same amount of painkillers as before is effective. It will disappear. In addition, analgesics such as opioids are highly dependent on the reward system of the brain, and the 'opioid crisis', which kills a large number of people due to overdose, has become a social problem.
A major consulting company pays a settlement of more than 60 billion yen due to the abuse of painkillers that killed more than 400,000 people --GIGAZINE
So a research team at New York University's Grossman School of Medicine has developed a system that reduces pain by implanting a computer-controlled device in the brain. The system, dubbed the ' closed-loop brain–machine interface, ' is a sensor that measures brain activity in the anterior cingulate cortex , one of the central sites of pain. It consists of an output device that sends signals to the prefrontal cortex.
Closed-loop BMI first analyzes the brain activity of the anterior cingulate cortex detected by the sensor by a computer connected to the device to identify electrical patterns that are closely related to pain. If the brain is determined that processing the pain, turn output device constituted by an optical fiber, optical genetics light is irradiated at the approach to genetically engineered frontal total cortical neurons Pain Relief It will send a signal.
When the research team implanted a closed-loop BMI in the brain of a mouse and experimented, it was confirmed that the closed-loop BMI can detect pain with an accuracy of up to 80%. In addition, mice with closed-loop BMI turned on were 40% slower in withdrawing momentarily pained paws than mice with closed-loop BMI turned off. This suggests that pain was alleviated in mice with closed-loop BMI turned on, the researchers say.
In another experiment, mice experiencing chronic pain were allowed to freely enter and exit 'a room where closed-loop BMI is automatically turned on when entering' and 'a room where closed-loop BMI is automatically turned off when entering'. It was. Then, the mice that participated in the experiment spent more than 50% longer in the room where the closed-loop BMI was turned on. This also suggests that closed-loop BMI worked properly and reduced chronic damage to mice.
'Our findings show that implants provide an effective strategy for treating pain, even when symptoms are difficult to identify or manage,' said Jing Wang, an associate professor of the research team. .. Closed-loop BMI is active only in the presence of pain, which reduces the risk of overuse and tolerance, and minimizes the risk of dependence as there is no reward other than pain relief in the first place. Claims to be.
'Our findings show that this device can help researchers better understand how pain works in the brain,' said Qiaosheng Zhang, lead author of the paper. In addition, we may now find non-drug therapies for other neuropsychiatric disorders such as anxiety disorders, depression, and post-traumatic stress disorders (PTSD). ' The closed-loop BMI developed this time
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