COVID-19 pandemic points out 'mother employment' is at stake
With the pandemic of the new coronavirus infectious disease (COVID-19), remote work has been introduced in many jobs. Some commented that this would 'resolve the gender division of labor based on gender and reduce the employment disparity.' However, 'a pandemic actually puts 'mother employment' at risk. Have been exposed,' said a research team of American and Australian researchers.
COVID‐19 and the gender gap in work hours-Collins--Gender, Work & Organization-Wiley Online Library
COVID-19 is a disaster for mothers' employment.And no, working from home is not the solution
https://theconversation.com/covid-19-is-a-disaster-for-mothers-employment-and-no-working-from-home-is-not-the-solution-142650
How did the research team change the employment situation of Americans with children between February and April 2020 when measures such as urban blockade were implemented by the pandemic based on the data of the US Federal Demographic Survey Was investigated. Analysis of the data revealed that 'mothers with children of all ages have reduced their work time'.
Mothers with preschoolers averaged 1.8 hours per week, while mothers with children aged in elementary school averaged 1.9 hours per week, declining working hours during a pandemic. Even mothers with children from junior high school to high school reduced their working hours by an average of 1.5 hours per week.
On the other hand, the working hours of fathers have hardly changed before and after the pandemic, and even fathers with preschool children and children who go to elementary school have reduced working hours by less than 30 minutes per week. did. Working hours are reduced by 1.2 hours per week for fathers with junior high school to high school children, not because their roles have increased as the father's age has increased, and the authority to shorten working hours has increased. The research team thinks.
The graph below shows the difference in working hours between mothers and fathers. From left: 'Mothers with children 1-5 years' 'Fathers with children 1-5 years' 'Mothers with children 6-12 years' 'Fathers with children 6-12 years' 'Mothers with children aged 13 to 17' and 'Fathers with children aged 13 to 17' are listed. Even parents with children of the same age can see that mothers spend 4-5 times less time than their fathers.
Although this study did not investigate why mothers shortened working hours, it seems that the increase in housework and childcare time due to the COVID-19 pandemic is the main cause of shortening working hours. It is being done. Due to the pandemic, the inside of the house doubles as a school, a nursery school, and an office, and many mothers are sandwiched between childcare and their families.
While the pandemic is putting pressure on mothers to spend less time working, there is also hope that allowing telecommuting will reduce the burden on mothers raising children. So the research team also investigated households in which both parents were dual-workers, both of whom could choose to work from home during a pandemic.
As a result of the survey, it was found that mothers with preschoolers who worked at home from both sides had reduced working hours per week by 2.6 hours, and mothers with elementary school children also worked for about 1.5 hours. Was shortened. However, it seems that the father's working hours were significantly less than his mother, saying that the father with a preschooler was 0.6 hours a week, and the father with a child of elementary school was about 0.4 hours a week.
Working from home while caring for children is difficult, and many mothers suffer from lost productivity and face employment crisis. We know that mothers who work not only in the United States, but also in Canada and New Zealand are in a difficult situation with the COVID-19 pandemic.
It has also become clear that women in Australia are more likely to be unemployed due to pandemics than men, with full-time employment for men decreasing by 3.8% since February 2020, while women decreasing by 5.2%. It is said that. The research team argued that governments and employers would need to protect parents with children in order to change the current situation of pandemic wrinkles on their mothers.
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