What is a mysterious creature called "live fossil"?

byDesirae

A carpIt is a molluscan belonging to the family Paralidae and inhabiting the depth of about 100 to 600 m deep. Professional researchers speak about the Nautilus who live up to the 21st century while preserving the ancestors who lived about 500 million years ago and sometimes called "living fossils".

The nautilus's impressive memory has survived five mass extinctions | Popular Science
https://www.popsci.com/nautilus-may-have-one-oldest-memories-on-earth

New York City University BrooklynofJennifer · BasilProfessor and studentNaomi LevandovskiMr. Breed is a parrot named "number 51" in the laboratory. In order to like number 51 to eat shrimp, Levando Huski bought a frozen shrimp and gave it to number 51 after carving.

In Basil's laboratory, several kinds of deep-sea creatures are bred in addition to the Nautilus. Number 51 isfunnelIt spurts water from the organ called sword and creates propulsive force and swim slowly in the aquarium. Mr. Levando Huski is pulling out the number 51 leg from the shell for photography and using it for experiments on learning ability of the Nautilus guys.

Although the eyes of the parrot are white and there are sunspots in the center, there is no lens like a pinhole camera. People who saw the Cockatoo for the first time may be very confused as to whether this creature is a hermit crime or an octopus or a chi. Parrots, which have hardly changed their appearance from 500 million years ago and have almost the same appearance in fossils,platypusYaHorseshoe crabIt is called "living fossil" as well.

bybathyporeia

The word "living fossil" is a advocate of evolution theoryCharles DarwinIt is something that was used out, "Origin of speciesAmong the platypus andHaikyoI use the word "living fossil" when I mention it. I hear this word everywhere even more than a century has passed since I used it against creatures that claim that Darwin survived for millions of years without changing.

However, according to Basil and Levanthuski, the phrase "living fossil" seems to be a misleading expression. The number of living organisms found as fossils is very small compared to whole organisms in the first place, it is only classified as "living fossil" by reason that "fossils of almost the same appearance as the current creatures are found" , It distorts the view of biological history. In addition, it is also a problem that there are many hard bone parts that remain as fossils, and soft parts hardly remain as fossils.

Also, even if the living things are identical in appearance, it is not always the case that organisms are the same kind and have the same gene. Living organisms may mutate each time breeding breeding, and always have the potential for new species to be born. Even though no physical change has occurred, there may be a large genetic change. Although the change of the parrot may be very slow compared to mankind who appeared as a new species just 300,000 years ago, Basil said "I am an ancient parrot like the present parrot , I do not think that I had as many as 90 tentacles.The current Parrot is undergoing evolution suitable for sensing the surrounding situation with taste and tactile sense. "The evolution of the Parrot Psychology It is said to be continuing.

bythe paleobear

Basil says that historical vision centered on human beings has brought about a low evaluation of creatures other than human beings, including the Parrot. In order to measure the intelligence of the Nautilus Basil, Basil built a maze in the aquarium and examined whether Parrots studied the maze structure and stimulation. As a result, not only can Parrots remember their memory but also learns that they can learn, it is said to be "the oldest species that can be learned".

However, Basil says that the slow movement of the parrot and the lack of responsiveness to humans looking at the parrot from outside the aquarium makes it difficult to understand the fact that Parrot has intelligence. "For example, the eyes of a squid can catch it if a human sees a squid, and sometimes extends the tentacle towards a human being, but since the eyes of the Parrot are not well developed, they can not respond to humans "Basil said.

It is often thought that intelligence that is not familiar to humans is low intelligence, but certainly aquatic organisms including the Nautilus have evolved on the earth, no matter how mysterious ecology it has, it has evolved firmly It seems to be important to investigate the process of.

byekenitr