A method for treating "aging" which may arrive shortly

Byempty007

Human beings have lived long before ever, but as a result, they have spent a long period of their lives with disease. In order to lengthen "healthy lifespan" meaning a period that you can spend without sickness, scientists have been forced to cope with the "aging" itself, the foundation of physical illness, but aging in recent years Research has been making great progress, it is believed that application to humans will begin in the near future. YouTube's science channel as a way to cope with "aging" which can be said to be an eternal theme for humans, that people who live in modern times may benefit from itKurzgesagtIt introduces.

How to Cure Aging - During Your Lifetime? - YouTube


◆ 1: Senescent cells


Human cells have a lifespan.


Chromosomes replicate when cells divide, but at that time some of the DNA at the end of the chromosome is lost.


Since it is not a problem, the end is protected in the section called "Telomeres (TELOMERE)". I think this is like a hard part of the shoelace ahead.


However, as the cell divides, the telomeres also become shorter, so some cells that have split many times have lost telomere and become like zombies.


This zombieized cell is "Senescent Cell (SENSCENT CELL)".


Since senescent cells do not die, they accumulate in the body as humans get older.


And it hurts the surrounding tissues, causing diabetes, kidney failure, etc. But what if supposed to kill this senescent cell?


In one experiment, scientists genetically engineered mice that could destroy senescent cells themselves.


Then, mice without senescent cells are more active than normal mice, hearts and kidneys are also stronger, it seems that it got harder for cancer.


Through this genetic manipulation, mice without senescent cells lived up to 30% longer than normal mice and was healthy.


However, it is impossible to genetically manipulate whole cells of the human body, so we need to think about another way to eliminate senescent cells. Is there a way to kill only senescent cells without hurting healthy cells?


When most healthy somatic cells get hurtProgrammed cell deathI will fulfill.


However, senescent cells do not die programmed cells.


Because senescent cells produce less protein to signal programmed cell death.


Therefore, in 2016, an experiment to inject a protein to mouse to inform programmed cell death was conducted.


It seems that 80% of senescent cells died, and healthy cells had little harm.


The treated mice got healthier and hair loss improved.


From this result, many companies are focusing on methods to destroy senescent cells, and application to human beings is coming soon.


◆ 2: NAD +


Cells are composed of hundreds of millions of parts, including cytoskeletons and catalysts that cause reactions. These parts are always disassembled and need to be cleaned up and reconstructed. However, this process deteriorates as it grows old, parts are tired, removal of unnecessary items can not be completed in time, necessary parts are lacking You will be able to do.


One of the parts that is lacking due to such aging is "NAD +". NAD + is known as one of the coenzymes for body repair.


At the age of 50, the number of NAD + in the body seems to be half that of 20 years old.


Lack of NAD + in the body makes it easier for many diseases such as skin cancer, Alzheimer's disease, cardiovascular disease, multiple sclerosis to develop.


I think that it may be good to take NAD +, because NAD + can not pass through the cell membrane, it can not be taken into cells by drinking medicine. Therefore, scientists are paying attention to substances that change to NAD + after passing through cell membranes.


When we conducted an experiment in which mice ingest this substance in 2016, it changed to NAD + in the body and proved to promote the proliferation of skin, brain and muscle stem cells.


Also, after the experiment, the mouse became healthy, DNA repair function improved, slightly longevity seems to extend.


NASA is interested in this experimental result as "DNA damage of the astronaut exposed to radiation on Mars may be minimized".


Experiments focusing on NAD + have come to the stage where planned testing of human beings is also planned, but it is unknown at this time whether it will lead to improvement of human healthy life expectancy.


However, among the technologies introduced this time, NAD + is listed as the most promising candidate for anti-aging medicine.


◆ 3: Stem cell


Stem cells are blueprints of cells that duplicate themselves around the body and create a flow in which youthful cells are born.


However, stem cells also decrease with age.


And as new cells become fewer, the human body will break.


Even in mice, the result shows that disease progresses as stem cells disappear from the brain.


Therefore, an experiment was conducted to directly inject the brain stem cells of the newly born mouse into the brains of old mice.


As experimental results, it has been confirmed that stem cells reactivate aged brain cells by secreting microRNAs that regulate metabolism, especially in the hypothalamus, which controls various body functions.


In addition, it has been confirmed that the brain and muscle work improved four months after the injection of stem cells, living on average 10% longer than the untreated group.


In another study, we injected mouse embryo-derived stem cells into the heart of an aged mouse and found that cardiac function improved, 20% longer exercise became possible, and hair regeneration speed increased.


◆: Conclusion


These state-of-the-art research findings show that there is no single specific medicine for treating aging, and the possibility of treatment can be found by combining several treatments That means that.


To kill senescent cells to remove unnecessary substances, add fresh stem cells to fill gaps in the reduced cells, and use drugs that can generate NAD + to regulate the metabolism of other cells Combining multiple research results as a result may be key to aging treatment.


However, all the research results introduced in the movie are mouse experiments, it is not certain whether human beings can see the same effect. However, it can be said that it is sufficient as a proof of concept.


We need further research to know how to improve human's healthy lifespan, and this movie has only crowded and introduced a small portion of such ongoing research.


Research to extend healthy life expectancy requires financial assistance, but hopefully human beings will be able to enjoy old age without pain.