A photograph taken in 1995 by the Hubble Space Telescope that brought about major revolution in the astronomical world

"Earth exists on orbit around"Hubble Space Telescope"Is not affected by the atmosphere and the weather, so we can observe celestial bodies with higher precision than from the ground, and we've been doing a lot of results so far, especially in the field of astronomy published in 1995 It was innovative enough to bring about a big change in.

The 1995 Hubble photo that changed astronomy - YouTube


It was in April 1990 that the Hubble Space Telescope was launched into the Earth's orbit.


Since then, the Hubble Space Telescope has shot a lot of wonderful celestial photographs, but among them the following photographs taken in 1995, which left a major impact on astronomy circles among others. It shot the stars that float in distant galaxies that can hardly see anything with the naked eye.


From the fact that the Hubble Space Telescope shot, "Hubble Deep FieldIt will be called.


Normally astronomers used the Hubble Space Telescope "to know the details of a particular object".


But,Space Telescope Science InstituteRobert William, former director of the Hubble Space Telescope, took the decision after taking office in 1993 as director of the Hubble Space Telescope.


Using the Hubble Space Telescope to observe the stars that are in the distant universe, that is, with the unaided eye, you can not see "whether there is" there.


"What we did was exactly the opposite way to examine the areas of the universe where stars were not observed until now," says Robert.


The Hubble Space Telescope observes is a galaxy located very far from the Earth and it is unknown what it looks like.


The development team of the Hubble Space Telescope has installed COSTAR (Corrective Optics Space Telescope Axial Replacement), an optical system for correcting spherical aberration, in order to correct the low resolution which was said from launch.


"The picture of the Hubble Space Telescope is not clear" seems to have been subject to criticism for a long time since the launch.


In order to tackle this problem, NASA dispatched an astronaut and carried out a COSTAR installation mission of five days.



As a result, the resolution of the photograph taken by the Hubble Space Telescope will be high enough to make a mistake.


And the research team led by Mr. Robert will do the observation of the distant universe which I had planned in 1995.


The team focused on a few observation points ... ...


The point of observation had to cross the Milky Way galaxy to make it a galaxy that exists far beyond the known cluster of galaxies.


Also, since the Hubble Space Telescope rotates around the orbits of the Earth, it is also necessary to observe that the observation target is a galaxy existing at such a position that visibility is not obstructed by this orbit.


By the way, it takes only 96 minutes for the Hubble Space Telescope to make one round of the Earth's orbit.


Finally, with the naked eye near the Ursa Major, you will observe the position where almost no star can be seen.


However, the space telescope's view is very narrow.


The moon floating in the sky is only 1/2 degree from the ground ... ...


The Hubble Deep Field observed by the Hubble Space Telescope seems to be only 2.6 / 60 degrees.


This is "just as big as the head of a needle in the length of the arm, it's like a small point floating in the sky," Robert said.


The actual observation started on December 18, 1995, and observations were made using four different wavelengths of light.


And the Hubble Space Telescope will capture 342 photos for 10 days.


In the photograph also the stars which are relatively close to the Earth were shown, but many blue dots form one galaxy each.


It is said that the farthest distance among the photos taken by the Hubble Space Telescope was 12.2 billion light-years.


This seems to be like the Earth, the ancient Egypt, the Neanderthal, and even the dinosaurs, etc. are shown together.


Two more years later, the research team will observe other points.


This is what is called "Southern Hubble Deep Field".


Although the two observation results are different, they are very similar, and it turned out that the universe is uniform over a large scale. It makes it clear that there are countless galaxies in the universe.


Also, judge the position of the stars in the universe ... ...


Research seems to be progressing as to what kind of galaxy shape exists.


And the biggest impact that Hubble Deep Field gave is a major change in astronomy.


Mr. Robert said, "Until this time, historically in the astronomical circle, we did not announce until the person who discovered something new discovery got totally analyzed, but in 1995 Hubble Space Telescope announced that Hubble · After publishing Deep Field, I started publishing datasets gathered through research so that they can be widely used by the scientific community. "


A research team led by Mr. Robert also publishes research results to scientific journals. Its contents will be published in many newspapers and magazines.