Discovered traces that show that human beings were killed each other about 10,000 years ago

Most of human beings are hunting wild animals and collecting plants until the start of agriculture "Hunter gathererAfter that, since farming began, it has been thought that collective battles have arisen over land and harvests. However, a collaborative research team centered on the University of Cambridge discovered traces of human beings fighting in Kenya about 10,000 years ago that was supposed to be a hunter-gatherer society, attracting attention among experts .

Inter-group violence among early Holocene hunter-gatherers of West Turkana, Kenya: Nature: Nature Publishing Group
http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v529/n7586/full/nature16477.html

10,000-year-old mass killing is still a mystery | Ars Technica
http://arstechnica.com/science/2016/01/10000-year-old-mass-killing-is-still-a-mystery/

Ars Technica has published a movie that I explained very clearly about this discovery by the collaborative research team.

Hunter-gatherers were not as peaceful as we thought - YouTube


In the hunter-gatherer society until Neolithic age, there has never been any evidence showing a collective conflict between humans. Some scientists think that "there was no tendency for humans to compete in hunter-gathering society".


However, a collaborative research team consisting of Cambridge University in the UK found a human bone of at least 27 people in a place called Natalak near Lake Turkana in Kenya, Africa.


Out of the human bones of the 27 people discovered, there were traces of fatal burns left on the human bones of 10 people.


It is said that the human bones of 10 people were discovered in an unnatural appearance all as shown in the figure below, and it is difficult to think that it was buried.


For example, it was said that quartz, which seems to have been affixed to the spear or arrow, was stuck in the skull of the human bones of a male found in the face.


The skull of the man who was actually found is Kore. You can see a sharp object popping out from the lower right of the skull.


At the front of the skull of the human bone that seems to be a woman (left image of the image), a hole that is thought to have been stabbed is empty, and a crack is in the right cheek bone (image right).


A woman's human bone that was found in a crouching posture by bending the knee. What is noteworthy is the part of the intersecting arm.


The researchers' team thinks that this woman was killed after unintentionally crossing arms bone, after the arms were tied up in some way by this woman.


In addition, sharp quartz which was thought to have been used for weapons was found from the area where human bones were found, and from these discoveries, two human groups fought, at least seven men and five women were killed That is what I understood.


It was the radioactive isotope of carbon which was used to find out when the human bones found were the age of 5730Carbon 14"Was used,Radioactive carbon datingTechnology called.


The research team concluded that the discovered human bones were killed between 150000 and 1500 years ago, based on the amount of carbon 14 remaining in the human bones.


From our previous survey, we know that a hunter-gatherer society was formed in the western part of Turkana, 15,500 years ago, 10,500 years ago. In other words, this discovery is valuable evidence that people who lived in the hunter-gatherer society fought together in groups.


However, some experts argue against this discovery. A researcher told Ars Technica that there were found human bones in the northern part of Sudan in Africa during the 1960s indicating that there was a human fight between 12,000 and 14,000 years ago about. Also, some researchers said that "there is little evidence to conclude whether the human bone found in the research team consisting of the University of Cambridge belonged to a hunting and gathering society."


If it is proved that the human bone that was discovered was killed by the conflict among people who belonged to the hunting and gathering society, the origin of conflict between human beings will be conspicuously important and it will be still time It is likely to take.