Clearly it is clear that a single dose of overthrow raises the risk of lung cancer

Many people think that smokers do not feel awakened until they smoke the first cigarette in the morning, but one outrunner may be increasing the risk of lung cancer. Regardless of the number of cigarettes smoked on the day, people with a short time from waking up to the first cigarette are in the bloodCotinine(Associated with lung cancer risknicotineMetabolic products)It became clear that the concentration is high.

In other words, people who do not feel like quitting smoking completely may be able to alleviate health risks somewhat if they are concerned about the timing of smoking cigarettes.

Details are as below.Smoking Soon After Waking Could Increase Your Risk Of Lung Cancer

Penn State College of Medicine(Penn State UniversityThis research by Doshisha Joshua E Muscat, professor of public health science of medical schoolCancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & PreventionIt was announced in the magazine December issue.

"The results of this study suggest that cotinine concentrations are an indicator of lung cancer risk, suggesting that those who smoke immediately after getting up are exposed to particularly high risk of lung cancer," Muscat said. "These people may need more intensive interventions to help smoke more than other smokers."

Blood cotinine concentration is an indicator of how much nicotine was absorbed by smoking. Previous studies have already revealed that the change in cotinine concentration due to a single tobacco will differ with each sucking. So Muscat and colleagues commented, "In addition to the frequency of smoking cigarettes, there may be factors that influence cotinine concentration by nicotine-dependent behavior and customs, such as time to aspirate the first one after getting up Hypothesis was made. Besides the influence on health, those behaviors and customs may be related to the success rate of smoking cessation as well.

In the study, we asked smokers who were fit for healthy regional communities of 252 blacks and whites to cooperate and investigated various behaviors that are supposed to reflect smoking urges and examined the plasma (urine) and urinary cotinine concentrations did. The results are as follows.

■ The plasma concentration of cotinine was 16 to 1180 ng (nano gram) per 1 ml even by the same smoker per day per day, the difference was up to 74 times.

■ Nicotine dependence of smokers can be classified as "low" and "high".

■ Smokers with a "low" dependence smoked the first cigarette after 30 minutes or more after getting up, and almost all of them were less than 20 in the day.

(1) In subjects with "low" dependence, the cotinine concentration increased in proportion to the number of cigarettes per day.

■ Smokers who are dependent on "high" smoke the first cigarette within 30 minutes after getting up, and the number of daily cigarettes ranges from 6 to 70.

In subjects with "high" dependence, cotinine concentration is less affected by the number than subjects with "low" dependence, and for heavy smokers (30 or more a day)Plateau effect(Lifting stopped) was seen.

■ When correcting for the number of daily days, the longer the time to first cigarette after getting up, the lower the cotinine concentration of plasma:

· Within 5 minutes after waking up, 437 ng / mL (95%Confidence interval380-494)

· 352 ng / mL (95% confidence interval 291 - 413) in 6 to 30 minutes

· 229 ng / mL (95% confidence interval 140 - 317) for 31 to 60 minutes

· 215 ng / mL (95% confidence interval 110 - 321) for over 60 min

(1) Similar tendency was observed also in urine cotinine concentration.

Researchers have suggested that the time from getting up in the morning to smoking the first cigarette will be a powerful indicator of nicotine intake and these should be taken into account in smoking cessation programs and the like.

"We can not keep every smoker together, so we need to consider the individual smoking habits, such as the momentum and frequency with which smoke is inhaled, the smoking impulses and the physiological symptoms caused by it," Muscat Professor. "It is not yet clear why the cotinine concentration of smokers who smoke the first one immediately after getting up is high, but the behavior that they want tobacco right after getting up may reflect a more intensive smoking pattern No further research is necessary. "

Professors Muscat et al. Are currently investigating whether the concentration of nicotine metabolites other than cotinine is also affected by the time to first cigarette after getting up.