The U.S. government has announced new export controls proposals for key technologies, including quantum computing and semiconductor products, and is coordinating with Japan, the Netherlands and other allies.

The U.S. government has imposed strict restrictions on exports of high-performance semiconductors required for AI-related applications to China and other adversarial countries. Furthermore, on Thursday, September 5, 2024, the U.S. Department of Commerce's Bureau of Industry and Security (BIS) announced that it would implement restrictions on exports of quantum computing and other advanced technologies together with countries such as Japan, the Netherlands, and the United Kingdom.

Department of Commerce Implements Controls on Quantum Computing and Other Advanced Technologies Alongside International Partners | Bureau of Industry and Security

Federal Register :: Commerce Control List Additions and Revisions; Implementation of Controls on Advanced Technologies Consistent With Controls Implemented by International Partners
https://www.federalregister.gov/documents/2024/09/06/2024-19633/commerce-control-list-additions-and-revisions-implementation-of-controls-on-advanced-technologies

US to Hit China With Quantum, Chip-Related Export Curb - Bloomberg
https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2024-09-05/us-targets-china-with-new-quantum-chip-related-export-curbs

The following items are included in the Interim Final Rule (IFR) on export controls for advanced technologies announced by BIS.

◆Quantum computing related products
Quantum computers and related equipment, components, materials, software, and technology used in the development and maintenance of quantum computing

◆Advanced semiconductor manufacturing equipment
Tools and Machinery Essential for Manufacturing Advanced Semiconductor Devices

◆ Gate All-Around Field-Effect Transistor (GAAFET) technology
Technology to manufacture or develop high-performance computing chips for use in supercomputers

◆Additive manufacturing items
Equipment and components designed to manufacture metal or metal alloy parts, related technology and software

The US has made clear that it has imposed licensing requirements for export of these technologies to any country.

In addition, under the License Exception Export Control (IEC) enacted at the same time as the IFR, exports to allied countries that implement similar measures, such as Italy, the UK, Japan, Australia, Germany, and the Netherlands, do not require a license application. Therefore, the IFR is seen as aimed at preventing the expansion of hostile countries such as China that are not allied with the United States.

Due to concerns that advanced technologies could be used for military purposes by adversaries, the US government is introducing strict restrictions on the export of high-performance semiconductors necessary for AI-related applications in 2022. 'Export restrictions on quantum computing technology and other advanced technologies will make it more difficult for adversaries to develop and deploy them in ways that threaten our collective security. This IFR will enable our export controls to be more effective in cooperation with our allies,' said BIS Deputy Director Alan Esteves.

US government orders NVIDIA and AMD to 'restrict export of AI chips to China' - GIGAZINE

BIS will accept public comments from stakeholders, industry, and the general public for 60 days from the date of its announcement on September 5, 2024, and will issue a final rule after the deadline.

Responding to the decision, Chinese Foreign Ministry spokesman Mao Ning criticized the move, saying, 'We oppose the US's politicization of trade and technology into weapons. Interfering with normal cooperation in technology, trade and economic exchanges violates the principles of a market economy, destabilizes global industrial and supply chains, and benefits no one.'