The ``black hole information paradox'' left by Stephen Hawking is resolved, or the possibility of extracting information from the black hole
According to the laws of quantum physics, even if the state of matter changes, its 'information' is not lost, and the past state can be known from the information stored in the changed form. However, in
Quantum gravitational corrections to particle creation by black holes - ScienceDirect
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physletb.2023.137820
'Quantum hair' could resolve Hawking's black hole paradox, say scientists | Black holes |
https://www.theguardian.com/science/2022/mar/17/quantum-hair-could-resolve-stephen-hawking-black-hole-paradox-say-scientists
Stephen Hawking's famous black hole paradox may finally have a solution | Live Science
https://www.livescience.com/stephen-hawkings-famous-black-hole-paradox-may-finally-have-a-solution
Black holes are extremely dense and massive objects from which even light cannot escape, and can be characterized by only three physical quantities: mass , electric charge, and angular momentum . This is called the black hole depilation theorem .
Black holes are different from ordinary celestial bodies, but in terms of quantum physics, 'information' is immortal, so information should not be lost even if it becomes a black hole. However, since physical information is lost when it is sucked into a black hole, British theoretical physicist Stephen Hawking says that there is thermal radiation ( Hawking radiation ) that does not store information from black holes. advocated. I named the phenomenon that information is lost from the universe due to this radiation 'black hole information paradox'.
You can understand what the black hole information paradox looks like by reading the following article.
What is the ``black hole information paradox'' that worries physicists around the world? -GIGAZINE
The black hole information paradox has puzzled many scientists, and various theories about its solution have been explored. Calmet said, ``The black hole information paradox is not recognized in quantum physics. Quantum physics assumes that the black hole's lifetime can be rewound. , and ultimately we should be able to recreate the star.'
Calmet has been working with his colleague Steve Hsu since 2021 to study the black hole information paradox. And in March 2023, he announced research results that took into account the influence of `` quantum gravity theory '' that Mr. Hawking did not consider.
The researchers believe that when matter collapses by a black hole, it leaves a faint imprint in its gravitational field. This trace is called `` quantum hair ' ' after the black hole hair removal theorem, and it is said to be a mechanism for storing information when the black hole collapses. According to the theory presented here, two different black holes, even if they have the same mass and radius, have very subtle differences in their gravitational fields.
'The correction due to quantum gravity is negligible, but it is important for thinking about black hole radiation,' Calmette said. In other words, if quantum gravity is taken into account, Hawking radiation can contain information.'
At the time of writing, there is no obvious way to test Calumet et al.'s theory through astronomical observations, as there is not enough equipment to measure Hawking radiation. Calmette suggests that one way to develop this theory is to study black hole simulations in laboratories on Earth.
Toby Wiseman, a theoretical physicist at Imperial College London in the United Kingdom, said Calumet's paper was 'good work,' but it doesn't explain all the information lost by black holes. pointed out. ``What they don't show is the crux of the paradox.'' ``I feel that in order to solve this paradox, we need to fully understand how quantum mechanics and gravity are connected. I was.
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