Where should people who are indoors evacuate when a nuclear bomb is dropped?
Nuclear bombs are the most powerful weapons on earth, but the farther away you are from the hypocenter, the better your chances of survival. Therefore, a research team led by
Nuclear explosion impact on humans indoors: Physics of Fluids: Vol 35, No 1
https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0132565
Scientists Determine Best Place to Stand In Your House When a Nuke Hits
https://www.vice.com/en/article/5d3vjx/scientists-surviving-nuclear-explosion-in-house
How to shelter from a nuclear explosion | EurekAlert!
https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/976596
In the event of a nuclear explosion, people and buildings in the vicinity of the hypocenter will immediately evaporate, causing extensive damage to the surrounding area. You can understand well by reading the following article about 'What happens if a nuclear bomb is dropped in a modern city?'
Animation explains what happens when a nuclear explosion hits a modern city - GIGAZINE
In the event of a nuclear explosion, health damage from radiation will occur even in places far from the hypocenter, but damage from the blast will be lessened the farther you are in a building from the hypocenter. Nuclear weapons experts divide the area of damage in the event of a nuclear explosion into three zones, from the closest to the hypocenter: the 'Severe Damage Zone (SDZ),' 'Medium Damage Zone (MDZ),' and 'Light Damage Zone (LDZ).' I'm here.
Of the three affected areas, most of the buildings and people present in the SDZ were destroyed, and only some people in subways and underground car parks survived the explosion. In the LDZ, on the other hand, although people may suffer minor injuries from the blast, most are not immediately life-threatening. The problem is the MDZ, and although concrete structures etc. are not destroyed in this area, the blast blown into the building may cause serious damage.
Therefore, the research team assumed that a 750 kt ( kiloton ) nuclear warhead had arrived and used a computer model to simulate the damage of the blast from the nuclear explosion. The MDZ when a 750kt nuclear warhead comes flying is said to be about 2.5 miles to 30 miles (about 4 km to 48 km) or more from the hypocenter.
The research team said modern tactical nuclear weapons have a yield of 5 to 15 kt, but the study focused on extreme nuclear weapons such as Russia's newest intercontinental ballistic missile, the RS-28 (Satan2). I'm here. The power of the atomic bombs dropped on Hiroshima and Nagasaki in World War II is estimated to be about 20 kt.
The research team wrote in their paper, “The main danger to human survival indoors is extreme high-speed winds entering through various openings in buildings, such as windows. , It deflects around corners, doors, and obstacles.' He points out that the power of the blast blown indoors may vary depending on the location.
As a result of the simulation, the blast from the nuclear explosion temporarily accelerates when passing through narrow spaces such as indoor corridors, doors, and windows, and may reach a level of overpressure that can damage the human body. In a worst-case scenario, indoor blast overpressure could be equivalent to 18 human body weights, reportedly.
Mr. Drikakis said, ``If you see an explosion from a distance, you must evacuate as soon as possible.'' ``The most dangerous places you should avoid are windows, corridors, and doors.'' ``Stay away from these places and immediately Evacuate, even in a room directly in front of the blast, you can get away from the high-velocity blast by staying in the corner of the wall facing the blast.'
The research team said that they started working on this research after the war between Russia and Ukraine began. ``The media discussion about the possibility of a nuclear war in 2022 motivated the study,'' Drikakis said. No previous study has shown the effects of wind forces on humans indoors.' 'We must be aware of the hazards of nuclear explosions and make every effort to prevent them.' said.
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