It is revealed that llamas produce Nanobody 'NIH-CoVnb-112' which can be expected as an antibody of the new coronavirus in the body
Camelidae mammals such as camels, alpaca, and llamas are known to produce '
Neuroscientists isolate promising mini antibodies against COVID-19 from a llama --ScienceDaily
https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2020/12/201222081257.htm
SARS-CoV-2 is a single-stranded RNA virus with a lipid membrane called the envelope , and has multiple protein protrusions with bulging tips called 'peplomer proteins' on its surface. The process by which this spike protein binds to the angiotensin converting enzyme 2 protein ( ACE2 receptor ), which is a receptor protein on the surface of human cells, is an important process for SARS-CoV-2 to infect the human body. ..
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Neuroscientists Thomas Espalza and David Brody, who work in the National Institutes of Health (NIH) Brain Imaging Lab, have named 'Cormac' for the 'SARS-CoV-2' produced inside the llama. We have succeeded in separating the 'promising Nanobodies'.
The Nanobody group that can be expected to be effective against SARS-CoV-2 is named 'NIH-CoVnb-112', and at least one of these Nanobody groups binds to the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein. However, it has become clear that it can prevent infection to the human body.
In addition, 'NIH-CoVnb-112 binds to the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein' means that SARS-CoV-2 can be detected. In addition, NIH-CoVnb-112 has been shown to function equally well in liquid or aerosol conditions.
'TJ (Esparza) and I have been testing for years how Nanobodies can be used to improve
Nanobodies are special antibodies that are naturally produced by the immune system of camelids. On average, Nanobodies weigh about one-tenth the weight of antibodies produced by the human body. Since Nanobodies are more stable than ordinary antibodies, have lower manufacturing costs, and are easier to engineer, Esparza and Brody have continued to study the medical use of Nanobodies. In fact, Nanobodies have been shown to be effective in treating thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura, a blood disorder.
Esparza and colleagues have developed a method for separating Nanobodies that bind to the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein. We have succeeded in reacting hundreds of types of Nanobodies produced in the body with SARS-CoV-2 and identifying 13 types of Nanobodies that are likely to exert a powerful effect as antibodies. Since this experiment is in the early stages, it is said that the Nanobody group called 'NIH-CoVnb-112' has been shown to be effective against SARS-CoV-2. In addition, experiments conducted in the laboratory revealed that NIH-CoVnb-112 binds to spike proteins 2 to 10 times more strongly than Nanobodies produced in the laboratory.
In addition, the research team conducted a harmless pseudovirus that mimics SARS-CoV-2 to investigate 'Is NIH-CoVnb-112 effective in preventing SARS-CoV-2 from infecting the human body?' Created by gene mutation. We have confirmed that the spike protein of this pseudovirus binds to cells carrying the ACE2 receptor, and are investigating the reaction between NIH-CoVnb-112 and the pseudovirus. The study confirmed that relatively low levels of NIH-CoVnb-112 can bind to the pseudovirus spike protein and prevent the virus from infecting cells.
In addition, inhalation of Nanobodies through inhalers such as nebulizers used to treat asthma patients has also been shown to be effective in preventing infection. 'One of the exciting features of Nanobodies is that, unlike most antibodies, they are effective in the lungs and respiratory tract when they are aerosolized and inhaled,' Brody said.
The research team led by Esparza and Brody has applied for a patent for NIH-CoVnb-112. 'With the support of NIH, Esparza is making rapid progress to test whether these Nanobodies can be safe and effective preventative treatments for COVID-19,' said NIH-CoVnb-. We are looking forward to the success of 112.
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