Aug 07, 2019 08:00:00

How much lie detector can actually see through lies?

by

Schwerdhoefer

The “ lie detector ” used in criminal investigations in dramas and movies has never been accepted as evidence in American trials. Although psychologists and lawyers say that lie detectors are not reliable, why lie detector technology has developed to the present day, “How much lies can you really see?” The IEEE spectrum has its history.

A Brief History Of The Lie Detector-IEEE Spectrum
https://spectrum.ieee.org/tech-history/heroic-failures/a-brief-history-of-the-lie-detector

The polygraph that measures galvanic activity, breathing, heart rate, etc. to determine whether you are lying is famous as a lie detector, but originally a medical device to detect heart abnormalities and monitor patients during surgery Was invented as The first polygraph is said to have been invented in 1906 by cardiologist James Mackenzie.

On the other hand, attempts to connect vital signs and emotions already existed in 1858, before the polygraph was invented. In 1890, Italian criminologist Cesare Lombroso reportedly used special gloves to measure the blood pressure of interrogators. Later, before World War I, psychologist Hugo Münsterberg recorded and analyzed subjective emotions using various devices, including polygraphs.

Working at the Münsterberg lab was William Moulton Marston, who created the prototype of the lie detector. Marston, fascinated by Münsterberg's vision, studied at Harvard to obtain a law degree and a PhD in psychology, and invented a blood pressure band that measures systolic blood pressure with his wife Elizabeth Holloway Marston, Used on a device that explores the relationship between emotion and vital signs. In a test with students, the lie detector was able to detect lies with a 96% success rate.

Meanwhile, psychologist Robert Yerkeys called for more rigorous Marston research. So Marston hangs 20 people detained in Boston City Court and reports that the success rate is 100%. Researchers who received this became skeptical that `` success rate is too high '', `` Even if the polygraph shows high heart rate and blood pressure, whether it is due to a lie, the stress of the interrogation itself 'I don't know what it is.' Marston is also a racist, and it is known that African-Americans left the test results uncertain because they are more primitive than whites.

At the same time, Berkeley, California, was in a transitional period introducing scientific methods to criminal investigations. August Volmer, Berkeley's first police chief, hired the department's first scientist in 1916, and began recruiting college students in 1919 using psychiatric and intelligence tests.

A person named John Augustus Larson who has a PhD in Physiology was hired in this background. Larson improved Marston's technology and started testing suspects using a unique device called a “cardiopulmonary psychogram”. As a result of 861 lie detectors in 313 cases, it was shown that there was an 80% chance of a correct result. The boss's Volmer promoted the polygraph.

However, the US court does not accept the polygraph results as evidence.

by Bill Oxford

Judge Walter McCoy argued that lie detectors are not common sense, and the U.S. Court of Appeals also supported this decision, saying that lie detector science is not widely accepted by the scientific community. . This decision has since become the standard for flies and whether the court accepts new scientific methods.

Since then, the court has not accepted the results of the polygraph as evidence, but the polygraph continues to be used in American criminal investigations. In addition, various organizations including the US military and the federal government use polygraphs for employment. The lie detector has been improved technically, and has shown diversity, such as the use of fMRI and the development of a system called “AVATAR” in which AI analyzes human voices, eye movements, and gestures. The success rate of lie detectors using fMRI is 78%, and AVATAR is 60 to 75%. However, since both methods compare individual results to the group dataset, the correct results should be obtained if the data set quality is low, the algorithm is biased, or the sensor does not function properly. It is also true that there is a possibility that will not come out.

Lie detectors with artificial intelligence are future of border security
https://www.cnbc.com/2018/05/15/lie-detectors-with-artificial-intelligence-are-future-of-border-security.html

Although it is a lie detector that is said to be 'unreliable' by psychologists and lawyers, there are psychologists, police, and governments that have long claimed their effectiveness. Some people say that the lie detector will only succeed if the suspect believes it will work, but the lie detector in a fiction such as a drama or film It is likely that criminal investigations by fMRI and AVATAR lie detectors will make great progress as people are treated as technology and believe in the power of lie detectors.

In addition, William Moulton Marston, the developer of the lie detector, was the person who invented the character “Wonder Woman” in the 1940s as a means to teach young men the idea of being a woman.

Amazon.co.jp | Secrets of Wonder Woman and Professor Marston Blu-ray & DVD Set [Blu-ray] DVD ・ Blu-ray-Luke Evans, Rebecca Hall, Bella Heath Court, Connie Britton, JJ Field, Oliver Pratt , Angela Robinson

An amazing story about the birth of the Wonder Woman

The story of Wonder Woman's creator, Mr. and Mrs. Marston who were engaged in psychological research at Harvard University, and assistant Olive Burne.

The development of the lie detector is famous as the work of the couple, and I understand that Wonder Woman's capture and interrogation lasso (Lasso of Truth) is an idea from here.
In addition, Wonder Woman includes an element to make the psychology hypothesis that DISC theory advocated by Marston the public, which is a softwareized DISC that is currently used in the company's subordinate training methods, etc. It was not the theory (leading / inspiring / stable / careful) but the original theory (domination / guidance / submission / submission), which led to the extreme depiction of comics.
Furthermore, the special relationship between Mr. and Mrs. Marston and Olive Barn (which seems to be polyamory in the other word) is unacceptable to modern progressive thinking, so I believe that this is a true story. It was not possible.

Although it is a completely R-designated Japanese unpublished work, it was made into a disc and it was the correct answer, it was a very interesting wonder woman birth story that DC mania should know.