The movie "Breakthrough of the Year 2015" which explained the breakthrough in science in 2015 in 4 and half minutes

Is published by the American Association for the Advancement of ScienceScienceThe magazine announced "the greatest breakthrough in 2015" determined by reader voting. In the movie, the contents of the research which became the number one in the reader vote are explained along with nine research which became the next point.

And Science's Breakthrough of the Year is ... ... | Science / AAAS | News
http://news.sciencemag.org/scientific-community/2015/12/and-science-s-breakthrough-year

You can check the movie from the following.

Breakthrough of the Year 2015 - YouTube


First of all, I missed the first place in the reader vote and from the explanation of the research which became the next point. The technology that integrates multiple genes using yeast appeared.


If there is genetically engineered yeastI am worried that Opium and Heroin can be made for themselvesBut……


On the other hand, it is also possible to convert sugar into a powerful narcotic analgesic.


Subsequent achievements are about the discovery of a new species of human genus. Where South African amateur explorer went deep into the cave in 2013 ......


I found a bone that can be seen as a human family.


Research was conducted on the bones brought back, and in September 2015, the human species extinct species "Homo NarediIt was announced that it was.




Also, when a group of psychological researchers attempted to reproduce 100 most recent psychological research papers,It was 39 lines that reproduced the experiment resultsAnd that. Although it can not necessarily be said that the original report was wrong, it was revealed that there are many problems with reproducibility in the science field.


At the Kennewick, Washington State, USA, in 1996 prehistoric human bones were discovered.


KennewickHuman bones called 'Human bones' are European people or indigenous people of the Americas, raising a controversy.


If the bone found was not the indigenous people of the Americas, it became a big topic as Kennewick was a genuine indigenous people, but by DNA survey it was announced in July 2015 that it is an indigenous people It was.


Ebola bleeding feverVaccine developedIt was also a great achievement of science in 2015.


Although it is Ebola hemorrhagic fever that expanded in an instant in the small village in the southeastern part of Guinea after it was discovered in March 2014, various research institutions have gained full power, and a vaccine with a 100% effect in clinical trials With the development of "VSV - ZEBOV", things have converged.


Until now, the idea that "lymphatic system does not exist in the brain" was considered common sense, but by the paper published in June 2015, the common sense of medicine over 350 years is overcome.


Although the lymphatic system does not exist in the brain, why brain diseases such as malignant lymphomas exist, it was a long time mystery, but the fact that Virginia Medical University discovered by chance discovered lymphatic vessels Thanks to that, the mystery was solved.


In July 2015, the spacecraft "New Horizon" approached Pluto closest and succeeded in shooting vivid photos.


Ice covered surface was revealed.


In addition, satellite nicks and hydra were also observed.


It is controversial for nearly 40 years in 2015Mantle plumeA new paper was also presented on. As a result of modeling and analyzing 273 big earthquakes that occurred in the past, the existence of 28 plumes is obvious. Many of themHotspotIt is said that it was under.


Also, it is said that one particle influences another particle which is far away in a momentRemote actionIt was confirmed that it actually existed.


John Stewart BellAn experiment that concretized Bell 's inequality advocated by Mr.


And the most inventive in 2015 was genome editing tool "CRISPR-Cas 9"


CRISPR-Cas 9 cleaves DNA duplexes,Technology that can delete, substitute, or insert arbitrary places in the genome sequence.


In genome editingMosquitoes resistant to malaria parasitesIt has also succeeded in inheriting anti-malaria-resistant genes with a high probability of 99.5%, and it is considered to be close to the day when malaria damage is eradicated.


Animal experiments have already been carried out and there are cases of success in monkeys, but from ethical concerns there is a situation that opposite voice is rising from the world against human genetic manipulation.