"Impact: Earth!" Can calculate whether it is a meteorite of size that can destroy the earth

"The giant meteorite collides and the earth catastrophically suffers damage" is a common setting in movies and others, but online simulator "Impact: Earth!You can calculate the impact force given to the earth simply by entering conditions such as the size, weight, speed, angle of collision, etc. of the meteorite.

Impact: Earth!
https://www.purdue.edu/impactearth/


This is the input screen of Impact: Earth !. Enter the numerical value in the text box at the bottom of the screen and click "CALCULATE IMPACT" at the end to calculate the impact force of the meteorite.


Initially, in 2013 Russia ·The giant meteorite observed at ChelyabinskI will try it out.

Movie summarizing the ridiculous moment of the meteorite that crashed into Russia and crashed - GIGAZINE


First enter "Diameter (diameter)", 15 (m) which is the size of Chelyabinsk meteorite.


If you click on ▼ in the lower right, "School bus - 40 feet", "Small planet - 1390 kilometers" etc. are exemplified, so it is also possible to designate these as diameters.


"Density" needs to input the density of the meteorite in kg / m³ unit, but if you do not understand well, just refer to the example. In this time, we specified "3000" which is a general value of "rock".


"Impact Angle (in degrees)" specifies the angle (angle of incidence) at which the meteorite collides, "Impact Veloocity" specifies the collision speed of the meteorite as "km / s" or "mile / s". In "Target Type", select the place where the meteorite will collide from the water surface, the ground surface, and the ice surface. For "DISTANCE FROM IMPACT", specify the distance from the collision location of the meteorite. For Chelyabinsk meteorites, they are set to "45 degrees", "15 km / s", "ground" and "100 km", respectively.


Finally, if you click "CALCULATE IMPACT", an animation where the meteorite collides with the earth starts and the calculation is done.


The result is like this. The green check attached to the item indicates that it was a calculated item.


For example, if you click on "ATMOSPHERIC ENTRY" ...


"The explosion started at an altitude of 47,100 meters, exploded at an altitude of 23,500 meters, the speed of the debris after the explosion was 7.23 km / h, and the energy was 182 trillion joules" was displayed.


By clicking on "Energy", the energy generated by the collision of the meteorite is 321 trillion joules, which is energy equivalent to 77,000 tons of TNT bombs, about once in 30.7 years It is a level that approaches the earth with.


In "Airblast (shock wave)", it is estimated that it is a blast of 44.4 Pa, 5.19 minutes after collision, maximum wind speed 0.105 m / s, volume 33 dB.


next,Asteroid "2015 TB 145" expected to be the closest to the earth on October 31, 2015Try entering the data.

The diameter is "470 m", the density is equivalent to iron "8000 kg / m³", the incident angle is "45 degrees", the speed is "35 km / s", the collision location is "water (water depth 200 m)", the distance from the collision value is We set it to "20 km".


The result is like this.


"Crater Dimensions" (crater diameter) is "17.8 km".


"Thermal Radiation" seems to have a visible radius of fireball of 12.8 km, 145 times the size of the sun, thermal radiation is 314 million joules / m².


In 'Seismic Effects' (influence on the earthquake)', it is estimated that a big shake occurs 4 seconds after the collision and the magnitude is 7.8.


"Tsunami (Tsunami)" means that a tsunami with a height of 89 meters to 178 meters will arrive 7.5 minutes after the collision.


In addition, "Global Damages (earth damage)" was displayed as "a scale that can not be ignored by the earth", "However, it is not a level of shock to change the orbit of the earth".


Here, when the incident angle is set to "90 degrees" in the direct hit state ...


Energy of collision is greatly increased to 2820 Kejou. This is equivalent to energy of 67.3 billion tons of TNT bomb, it seems to be rare, once in 570,000 years.


Finally, let's collide "a small planet with a diameter of 2390 km".


Other conditions are "8000 kg / m³" corresponding to iron, the incident angle is "90 degrees", the speed is "72 km / s", the collision location is "ground", the distance from the collision location is "1 km" Set up.


The result is ......


Collision energy is 1Groove (like this)4800Evil(1.48 x 10 ^ 32) joules, this is a TNT bomb 324CuttlefishIt is said that it is tons. I do not understand well, but something that seems to be quite something is transmitted.


The earth's damage is said to be "100 percent of the Earth is melted (100% melting)".


The size of the crater has a diameter of 13400 km, exceeding the diameter of the earth.


It seems that "Your position was inside the transient crater and ejected upon impact (because you are inside the crater, it will be blown away by a collision)".