What happened on the 'day of mass extinction of dinosaurs'?
The 'dinosaurs' that once inhabited the earth, such as Tyrannosaurus and Stegosaurus, are thought to have become extinct in large numbers after a certain period of time. Kurzgesagt, a scientific YouTube channel,
The Day the Dinosaurs Died – Minute by Minute --YouTube
The story is set on the earth about 66 million years ago. Around this time, the 'dinosaur era' has continued for about 165 million years, the earth is warm and comfortable, and most of the land is lush with trees, flowers, and pterophyta that are unimaginable from this era. It was covered with dinosaurs and was home to trillions of animals.
Dinosaurs live all over the globe, and they come in a wide variety of shapes, large and small. The earth was full of life,
However, the glory of these dinosaurs suddenly ends one day about 66 million years ago. The sign of the end was the twinkling light in the sky, which is thought to have grown day by day.
This light was temporarily hidden in the shadow of the earth and disappeared, but it re-emerged in the sky the next morning. In the meantime, it became the same size as the sun and flew to the Yucatan Peninsula, increasing in size every moment.
This light is the asteroid that is believed to have caused the mass extinction of dinosaurs. It is believed that this asteroid entered the atmosphere at a speed of 60 times the speed of sound and crashed into the earth in just two seconds.
The estimated size of this asteroid is about 10km in diameter. 10km is higher than the height of Everest, the highest peak in the world. Even modern airliners do not fly beyond this asteroid.
It is believed that this asteroid collision has fundamentally ended the dinosaur era. In this movie, the situation changes that occurred on the 'day when the asteroid collided' are explained separately for each moment.
First, it is thought that the asteroid fell into the sea on the Yucatan Peninsula and hit the bedrock on the seabed. When an asteroid of the above size collides, the energy of billions of nuclear weapons is released to the surroundings, and the asteroid itself evaporates. The emitted energy flashes into the sky, and an eerie white sphere grows over the Gulf of Mexico.
The white spheres continue to grow and the bedrock melts into plasma at temperatures of tens of thousands of degrees. The heat radiation emitted by the explosion propagated at the speed of light, burning everything within a radius of about 1500 km from the point of impact.
Furthermore, the energy at the time of collision strongly pushes out the crust, forming a huge crater with a depth of 25 km and a width of 100 km. The sea is pushed back hundreds of kilometers, much like when a child jumps into a puddle. Immediately after that, a swivel of the crust occurred, and it is thought that a huge mountain with a height of 10 km was temporarily formed at the landing point instead of a crater.
In the meantime, debris with a mass equivalent to 60 times that of the original asteroid is scattered in outer space.
The impact of this collision was transmitted to all parts of the globe in just a few minutes. When converted to an earthquake, it is about the size of 'magnitude 11', and it is said that this impact caused a volcanic eruption to continue for nearly 30,000 years in
Returning to the point of collision, the explosion violently collided with the atmosphere, resulting in the formation of a shock wave of up to 1000 km / h. Then, all the substances such as soil, plants, and animals in the surrounding area were shredded and scattered to the area thousands of kilometers away.
Subsequently, the temporarily formed mountain with a height of 10 km retracted this time, and the impact at that time caused a tsunami with a height of 1000 m.
The tsunami is unleashed in all directions from the point of impact, drowning the creatures that live on the coastline of the surrounding continents. The tsunami holds a height of about 100m even 15 hours after its occurrence.
Many of the debris released during this period remained in the orbit of the earth for thousands of years, and it is thought that some of them collided with the moon and Mars.
However, the most common was 'debris returning to Earth.' As a result of such debris being launched into the air at high speed, it has reached a high temperature of hundreds of degrees, and it is said that it has risen to the temperature of the atmosphere itself due to the large number of debris reaching high temperatures.
There are various theories about 'how much the temperature has risen due to debris?', But the two main theories are 'the temperature has risen to several hundred degrees in a few minutes' and 'the temperature has risen to several thousand degrees in a minute'. .. In other words, in each theory, the point that 'it has reached the heat of the inside of an industrial oven' is definitely regarded.
It is arguable how much this temperature rise had affected, but creatures that could not dive into the soil or escape into the cave were not only burned to death in an instant, but also a large wildfire caused by the debris that had fallen. It could even have happened. This movie is based on the theory that a large-scale wildfire broke out worldwide, some of which lasted for several months, and as a result, the earth became a burning hell.
The vaporized
In this way, the earth sinks into the darkness, and the flames burning on the earth only illuminate the scenery. Plants that miraculously survive in this way also die due to 'lack of sunlight.'
The impact of this 'sunblock' situation becomes a major issue over the course of the days. Within a few days, temperatures dropped to 25 degrees Celsius, and lack of sunlight killed 90% of marine plankton. Since plankton are the lowest-level organisms in the ocean's food chain, the loss of plankton will eventually lead to the death of large marine reptiles and ammonites.
Ash, earth and sand, dead plants, etc. cover the surface of the earth, darkening the sky and lowering the temperature. In such an environment, fungi thrive.
The winter that came as a result of cold temperatures lasted for decades, and it is believed that 75% of all species on Earth have become extinct.
This is all about 'the day when the dinosaur era is over'. It was a day when the illusion that 'the same day as yesterday will continue for millions of years' was suddenly shattered.
However, some creatures survived. Birds, which are the direct line of dinosaurs, and mammals, which will eventually become the dominant position on the earth.
If it weren't for the asteroids that ended the dinosaur era, it's hard to imagine what the Earth would be like today. If the dinosaurs that ruled the earth did not suddenly become extinct, it is possible that humanity would not even have the chance to prosper as it does now. The age of mankind is only about 200,000 years old, which is only about 0.1% longer than the age of dinosaurs, which is about 165 million years.
It can be said that human beings have developed at an alarming rate in this period of only 0.1%. However, our future is still uncertain, and if we do not choose the future carefully, it may perish in an instant like a dinosaur. Kurzgesagt concludes, 'The difference between us and dinosaurs is whether or not we are aware that the future is uncertain.'
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