The allegation that IBM's medical diagnosis system based on artificial intelligence 'Watson (Watson)' is not tolerable for practical use '

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The artificial intelligence system " Watson (Watson)" developed by IBM participated in the quiz competition "Jeopardy!" Held in the United States in 2011, gained more prize money than the human participants and gained worldwide attention I took a bath. IBM has developed a medical diagnosis system that uses such Watson, and has made significant investment so far, but the experts say that "Watson's diagnostic system is far from practical level" It is made.

Playing Doctor with Watson: Medical Applications Expose Current Limits of AI - SPIEGEL ONLINE
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IBM is trying to apply Watson developed by investing a lot of money into the medical field. The world medical industry is a huge market of several trillion dollars (about hundreds of trillion yen), and as long as people continue to have hope of overcoming various diseases, there is also a possibility that they will continue to grow in the future. As medical research field announces new research results every day, it is said that the amount of medical knowledge will be doubled every three years, artificial art that can accumulate the latest medical trend that can not be followed by human doctors Attempts to apply intelligence to the medical field seem to make sense.

The project to use Watson for the diagnosis of disease was done at the Giessen University in Germany and at the affiliated hospital at Markburg University . IBM tried to prove the excellence of Watson 's medical diagnostic system, but in reality it turned out that Watson' s disease diagnostic system was not as good as it was expected. For example, if a visiting patient complains of chest pain, a normal doctor first doubts heart attacks, angina pectoris , rupture of the aorta, and so on. However, Watson said that behind the symptoms of chest pain, we made a mysterious diagnosis that there are unusual infections.

Stefan Holzinger, who is CEO at a medical institution affiliated with Markh Bulk University Hospital Rhön-Klinikum AG , visited Watson's clinical trial at Mark Burg University and said "Watson is a professional medical I do not think that there is an understanding, and continuing this project is the same as investing in a Las Vegas show. "

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After all, Mr. Holdinger decided in 2017 to terminate the project with IBM at the stage before applying Watson to the examination of the actual patient. However, IBM is advertising a project in a university hospital, which has just been discontinued, as if it were a "successful test", Holzinger said.

The major problem faced by Watson at Markburg University is said to have recognized language as well. When diagnosing a patient's illness, Watson said that the doctor scanned documents, medical charts, test results, etc. that gathered information obtained from patients, and got information to become a clue to the disease. However, Watson was unable to understand complicated phrases of sentences well, and he could not make accurate diagnosis results. For example, the interpretation of subtle phrases on the denial that "the possibility of" can not be excluded "used by the doctor was very difficult for Watson.

In addition, the doctor tends to write the diagnosis result of the patient very simply and writing "HR 75, SR, known BAV" means "Heart rate at normal times is 75, aortic bicuspid valve present" I mean, Watson is unable to understand the meaning of the sentence until we let the software learn these abbreviations. Once you learn it, Watson can understand abbreviations, but in order to make Watson understand physician's medical record, it is necessary to register enormous abbreviations in software.

by Laura Smith

Of course, medical diagnosis by artificial intelligence other than Watson is not perfect, and medical diagnosis systems such as Isabel Healthcare platform and Phenomizer can not obtain perfect diagnosis results. It is unavoidable that Watson misdiagnoses diagnosis, but IBM claims that Watson is "better than any other medical diagnostic system", and IBM's pleasure to fail in university hospitals in Germany It is not things.

IBM also advertises that " Watson helps treating cancer greatly, " and many people hoped that the power of supercomputers will enable faster diagnosis and treatment than ever before. In particular, as the importance of gene therapy has increased for the treatment of cancer, it was thought that Watson's ability to handle large amounts of genetic information was demonstrated.

Watson has accumulated all knowledge and information on cancer treatment and IBM says Watson can provide accurate treatment by comparing the patient's profile with the vast data stored on the cloud . However, a doctor who actually used Watson at the Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center in New York said, "Watson can not even identify the treatment described in general textbooks." According to this doctor, an excellent medical student who came in intern than Watson can provide appropriate treatment for cancer.

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Chamas · Parishaptiya of venture capitalist says Watson's medical diagnosis system is "It is just a joke", and Google and Amazon are going ahead in artificial intelligence. A lot of financial persons including Mr. Paris Hatiya are questioning the performance of Watson and IBM who has already spent billions of dollars (about several hundred billion yen) on Watson has wasted funds for Watson It is the worst scenario to get it.

Despite many negative perspectives, IBM says Watson, a cloud-based artificial intelligence system, is headed for success. "Watson's cancer treatment system is used by more than 230 medical institutions worldwide, and medical institutions that introduced Watson have increased by nearly 80 in a year," IBM said Watson's medical diagnosis system He insisted that the positive evaluation of doctors is also increasing. In the next few years, IBM plans to make additional investment of several billion dollars (hundreds of billions of yen) to the health care department.

I do not know how long it will take Watson to go beyond a human doctor, but after IBM has proved that "Watson is better than a human doctor", promotion at Watson's medical site begins at last It is considered to be. Still, it is difficult to think that a human doctor will disappear from the hospital. Because artificial intelligence closely attaches to patients and conducts polite dialogue and it is not possible to earn the trust between patients and doctors essential for difficult treatment.

by intelscope

There are many problems with Watson 's disease diagnosis system, but there are many successful attempts to utilize artificial intelligence for medical care. For example, DeepMind's AI can diagnose eye diseases with the same degree of accuracy as a human doctor, and attempts to diagnose fibromyalgia from brain scan images using artificial intelligence, such as constant success It seems to be holding. On the other hand, these successful examples utilize artificial intelligence image processing system for image diagnosis of diseases, and it is a different approach from Watson's medical diagnosis system which diagnoses disease from inquiries etc.

Also, as an Apple company recruits new talent to develop health monitoring chips , the prestigious IT company is motivated to advance into the medical field.

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