It is reported that our "food" is influenced by the circumstances of intestinal bacteria

ByBrian Dewey

"Anxiety and depression are related to the state of the intestine, and behavior changes when the intestinal bacteria changeAs it is said, digestive organsSecond brainIt is known to control people's feelings and thought called. Also, bacteria in the digestive system send the signal "Please eat this!" To the host's brain, but in a new study, what kind of information the bacteria send to the brain A clue as to which was shown.

Commensal bacteria and essential amino acids control food choice behavior and reproduction
http://journals.plos.org/plosbiology/article?id=10.1371/journal.pbio.2000862

How Gut Bacteria Tell Their Hosts What to Eat - Scientific American
https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/how-gut-bacteria-tell-their-hosts-what-to-eat/

Previous studies have shown that the state of bacteria in the digestive organs changes depending on what we eat, depending on which bacteria are more or less activated genes and absorbed nutrients It has also been found that it will change.

At this time, the relation between food and bacteria is not one way, but "Bacteria are influenced in food", "In addition, what you want to eat changes according to the state of bacteria", but until now, which place So I did not know whether bacteria have an effect on what we eat.

ByThomas Kelley

However, do research in the biomedical fieldChampalimaud Center for the UnknownA research team headed by Carlos Ribeiro discovered that a specific type of intestinal microflora detects the nutrients missing from the host and measures how much nutrient it should ingest. The research teamDrosophila melanogasterWe studied this mechanism by studying the eating habits of.

In the research, the team gave group 1 fly a sucrose solution containing all essential amino acids, and group 2 fly gave baits with some essential amino acids removed. Essential amino acids are necessary substances for protein synthesis, but they can not be produced in the body, so we only have to take them from outside the body. And in the third group of flies, in order to clarify which essential amino acids are being detected by bacteria, we gave baits with one essential amino acid removed.

Each flied meal was given 72 hours later protein-rich yeast and normal sucrose solution as a meal. Then, the flies of the two groups who had a diet devoid of essential amino acids strongly requested yeast to compensate for missing nutrients. However, when researchers subsequently increase the five kinds of bacteria in the digestive organs of these flies, Lactobacillus plantarum, Labrobacterium, Acetobacter pomorum, comensorybacter intestini, enterococcus faecalis, essential amino acids Even though we had a restricted meal, flies seemed not to ask for yeast.

ByPaladin 27

At this time, the essential amino acid level of the fly that removed the specific bacteria remained low, and flies and bacteria never produced essential amino acids myself missing. Despite this, "There is no problem in the absence of essential amino acids," the function of digestive organs' bacteria being transmitted to the host's brain was born.

Among the five kinds of bacteria, the influence of the bacteria is great in Raabul and Acetobacter. Flies with increased amounts of these two bacteria suppress craving for protein and ask for sugar more strongly. Normally, the deficiency of amino acids alienates the growth and regeneration of the cell, hence the reproductive ability also decreases, but the flies with increased bacteria have recovered function.

Subsequently, the research team is a kind of amino acid but not essential amino acidTyrosineThe enzyme necessary to treat the fly was removed from the body of the flies. As a result, it is necessary for fly to incorporate tyrosine from food like an essential amino acid, but it was impossible to inhibit the flies from seeking tyrosine from food even if the number of Raboli bacteria and acetobacter in the body were increased . In other words, the flies' intestinal bacterial flora was able to titrate only intake of essential amino acids.

This research shows that there is a unique evolution between the host organism and the bacteria in the body and an event strongly indicating that intestinal bacteria are sending information to the host's brain has been confirmed It was. Because bacteria are influenced by "what the host is eating" and if the host is social, the breeding range can be expanded, so in a system such as "detect only essential amino acids", bacteria evolve Ribeiro sees that there may be some reason for doing it.