Research results that octopus's eight legs are 'distributed networks with independent CPUs'
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There should be many people who have seen a scene in which a criminal who has been accused of stealing in dramas or the like declares that 'this hand has been done without permission'. Although such excuses do not apply in human society, recent research results suggest that octopus tentacles are actually controlled independently of the main body.
Researchers model how octopus arms make decisions-AGU Newsroom
https://news.agu.org/press-release/researchers-model-how-octopus-arms-make-decisions/
Octopus Arms Are Capable of Making Decisions Without Input From Their Brains
https://www.sciencealert.com/here-s-how-octopus-arms-make-decisions-without-input-from-the-brain
2019 Astrobiology Science Conference
https://agu.confex.com/agu/abscicon19/meetingapp.cgi/Paper/483036
The octopus is known to be an animal with a very high degree of intelligence, along with crows and parrots, and it has been reported that the octopus escaped from the aquarium and returned to the sea on its own . However, Dominic Sivitilli, who studies the behavioral neurology of octopus at the University of Washington, Seattle, says, 'The octopus has an intelligence completely different from humans and vertebrates like birds.'
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In order to get closer to the secret of the octopus's intelligence, Sivitilli et al.'S research group conducted experiments to observe the octopus's behavior. In the experiment, first, put a stone, a lego block, a puzzle-packed puzzle etc in a tank containing octopus, and photographed the octopus tentacle in response to them with a camera. Next, I analyzed the behavior of octopus using a program that traces the movements of the tentacles.
In the following four-second movie, you can actually see tracing and graphing the octopus tentacles.
Watch the arms of the East Pacific red octopus think-YouTube
Near the center of the image below, you can see the octopus attached to the glass face pointing at the object to the tentacles. The lower line graph shows the movement of the tentacle corresponding to the color of the line, and since each graph is moving largely on the right side of the graph, multiple tentacles of the octopus perform different movements simultaneously I understand that.
As a result of analyzing the behavior and neural activity of the octopus, it was confirmed that the octopus tentacles responded immediately to the stimulus obtained from the suction cup etc. and were independently moving. It is possible to do this because of the structure of the nervous system that is spread around the whole body of the octopus.
Of the approximately 500 million neurons possessed by the octopus, approximately 350 million are known to be present in the tentacles, and there is an assembly of neurons called 'ganglia' (ganglia) in the octopus tentacle. This ganglion processes information independently of the brain and controls the movement of the tentacles, which makes it possible to respond quickly to food and enemies in the water.
In addition, eight legs can do tasks such as swimming in a certain direction and capturing food without confusion because the tentacles share their positional relationship and information. Sivitilli describes these octopus neural networks as 'distributed networks.'
Sivitilli, who presented the results of this research at the ' Astrobiology Conference 2019 ' held in Seattle on June 24, 2019, said, 'This is a model case that there are diverse ways of intelligence existing in this universe. He said he hoped that research on the intelligence that lives on the seabed could be a hint to unravel the mystery of the universe.
It is not the first time that research has been conducted to link octopus to the universe, and some groups in the field of biology have long considered the theory that octopus and squid were born from the influence of extraterrestrial organisms.
Scientist group announces theory that 'octopus and squid are born from the influence of extraterrestrial organisms'-GIGAZINE
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